There
are some people in the World whom we always see in different sight. We often
think that they have miraculous power. In that case, they can see or feel
such type of things that we don’t. Then we think that person is lunatic or he
is surrounded by an evil force. But should we give place to superstition in
today’s scientific society?
So, let’s get out of this
superstition & find out the reason for its strange behaviour in the light
of science through this blog.
In medical field, this type of disorder
is known as SCHIZOPHRENIA.
WHAT IS SCHIZOPHRENIA?
“Schizo” means split & “phrenia”
means mind. Mainly schizophrenia is one of the most complex and
challenging of psychiatric disorders. It represents a heterogeneous syndrome of
disorganized and peculiar thoughts, delusions, hallucinations, inappropriate
affect, & impaired psychosocial functioning.
Schizophrenia most commonly has
its onset in late adolescence or early adulthood and rarely occurs before
adolescence or after the age of 40 years. Studies indicate that
males are affected earlier than females by about 3 to 5 years. Males commonly
exhibit schizophrenia between the ages of 15 and 25, whereas the illness
affects females between the ages of 15 and 30, and a smaller group between ages
45 and 50.
TYPES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA –
Paranoid Schizophrenia– Paranoid schizophrenia is characterized by positive symptoms.
Catatonic Schizophrenia- Mainly catatonic
schizophrenia effects on movement. In this disease, one might get
hyperactive for no reason. This is the rarer type
of schizophrenia. It is more frequently occurs
in neuro-developmental condition than other schizophrenia.
Hebephrenic Schizophrenia – This is a serious type of schizophrenia which may
occur for long time. Mostly the patient experience illogical and incoherent thoughts.
Residual
Schizophrenia – Normally, the patient has not shown any symptoms
of schizophrenia syndrome. But they had the past medical history of the
syndrome.
Undifferentiated
Schizophrenia- From its name we can easily define symptoms of
this types of schizophrenia. The patient has combined symptoms of
all types of schizophrenia.
SCHIZOPHRENIA SYMPTOMS –
The Schizophrenia symptoms are categorized
on their psychological behaviours -
Positive syndrome- Positive syndrome means the patient may acquiring new
behaviour like Delusions, Hallucinations, Disorganised speech & behaviour.
Negative Syndrome- In negative syndrome patient loss
normal emotion (fear, Joy, sorrow). It may affect in
person’s behaviour.
Cognitive syndrome- Cognitive means abilities of learning, memory, perception, problem solving but in case of schizophrenia, patients loss these abilities.
Reasons behind
schizophrenia –
There are various factors-
Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors-
Siblings of a proband with
schizophrenia have a sevenfold to tenfold increased risk of the
disorder, children born to a parent with schizophrenia have a 13-fold to
15-fold increased risk. The risk is highest (40%–50%) in a monozygotic
(identical) twin of a person with schizophrenia.
Environmental factors such as prenatal difficulties (i.e., malnutrition
in the first trimester of pregnancy or influenza in the second trimester),
perinatal complications, and various nonspecific stressors may also influence
the development of schizophrenia.
Changes in brain structure – Computed
tomography and magnetic resonance imaging brain studies of individuals with
schizophrenia have shown enlarged ventricles, particularly the lateral and
third ventricles.
Disbalance of neurotransmitter-
Chlorpromazine & other antipsychotic drugs decrease
dopamine activity by blocking specific postsynaptic receptors served as the
foundation for the dopaminergic hypothesis of
schizophrenia. Actually, the main reason is the disbalance
of dopamine which is known as happy chemical.
Treatment –
Schizophrenia is a chronic disease for which there is no specific cure. At first, the patient should attend psychosocial rehabilitation programs which oriented the patient toward improving the adaptivity function. If the rehabilitation program is not work for serious condition, the patient should be treated with first choices antipsychotic medication like second-generation antipsychotics.
Our superstitions keep all these sick people away from treatment. Come forward to treat them in the age of science. We cannot push a person to the brink of death for our wrong thinking. Be aware as well as make others aware to these types of psychiatric disorders.
1 Comments
Informative 👍
ReplyDeleteLet me know your doubt.